The panel shall explore the delicate interplay between judicial oversight and autonomy in arbitration. While national courts play a important role in supporting arbitration proceeding and enforcing arbitration awards, excessive intervention can undermine the very principles of neutrality and efficiency that make arbitration attractive. This discussion seeks to analyze how to strike the right balance, ensuring that courts involvement fosters, rather than disrupts, the integrity of the arbitration process. It also examines comparative perspectives, highlighting best practices and challenges in achieving this equilibrium globally.